Śledź na Wigilię (Polish Christmas Eve Herring with Apple and Onion)
Why this recipe works
- Balanced sweet-sour dressing: Vinegar, sugar and oil soften the saltiness of the herring while keeping the flavour bright and clean.
- Crisp, fresh contrast: Firm apple brings crunch and gentle sweetness against the rich, savoury fish.
- Improves as it chills: Resting in the fridge allows the onion to mellow and the herring to absorb the aromatic dressing.
Get the most out of this recipe
Timing notes
- Allow time to chill: At least 2 hours in the fridge helps the dressing season the fish and soften the onion.
- Serve cold: Keep the herring chilled until serving, especially as it is a ready-to-eat fish dish.
Ingredient notes
- Choose ready-to-eat herring: Use salted herring fillets labelled ready to eat, and rinse or briefly soak them if they taste especially salty.
- Use a firm apple: A crisp tart-sweet apple holds its shape after chilling and keeps the dish fresh rather than soft.
- Slice onion finely: Very thin onion slices mellow more quickly in the dressing and blend better with the fish.
Authenticity notes
- Part of the Wigilia table: Cold herring dishes are commonly served among the small starters and fish-based dishes at Polish Christmas Eve meals.
- Variations are common: Apple, onion, oil, vinegar and herbs can vary by household, but the sweet-sour balance and chilled serving style are central to the dish.
Make-ahead tips
- Prepare in advance: The herring can be assembled earlier in the day and kept covered in the fridge until needed.
- Keep submerged: Store the fish covered and pressed into the dressing so it stays seasoned and moist.
- Good the next day: The flavour becomes rounder after an overnight rest, though the apple will soften slightly over time.
Equipment you'll need
Ingredients
Instructions
- If the herring is very salty, rinse it briefly under cold water, then soak in cold water for 20 minutes. Drain well in a sieve and pat dry, then cut into bite-size pieces.
- Halve and thinly slice the onion. Core the apple and thinly slice it into small pieces.
- In a bowl, whisk together the white wine vinegar and caster sugar until the sugar dissolves. Whisk in the sunflower oil, then stir in the black pepper.
- Layer the herring, onion and apple in a non-reactive dish or jar, tucking in the bay leaves and allspice berries as you go. Pour over the dressing, then press down gently so everything is coated.
- Cover and chill for at least 2 hours, turning the mixture once halfway through if you can. Just before serving, finely chop the dill and scatter over the top.
Recipe notes
Tips
- Slice the onion as thinly as possible so it softens quickly in the dressing.
- For the cleanest flavour, use a firm apple so it stays crisp after chilling.
- Food safety: if serving to pregnant people, young children, older adults, or anyone immunocompromised, use herring from a reputable source that is labelled ready to eat and keep it properly chilled.
Substitutions
- Replace White wine vinegar with Apple cider vinegar for a rounder, fruitier acidity.
- Replace Sunflower oil with Rapeseed oil for a slightly richer flavour.
- Replace Fresh dill with Fresh parsley for a milder herbal finish.
Storage
- Refrigerate up to 3 days
- Store covered in the fridge and keep the herring submerged in the dressing. Serve cold; if it has been chilled for a long time, stir gently before serving to redistribute the dressing and spices.
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Recipe overview
- Servings: 4 servings
- Total time: 3h 10min (20min active)
- Difficulty: Easy
- Cuisine: Polish
-
Allergens:
Fish
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