Śledź na Wigilię (Polish Christmas Eve Herring with Apple and Onion)

Śledź na Wigilię is the kind of cold herring dish commonly served among the starters on a Polish Christmas Eve table, where its clean, sharp flavours sit well alongside other festive small plates. Ready-to-eat salted herring is paired with thin onion and crisp apple, then dressed in a simple sweet-sour mixture of vinegar, sugar and oil. Bay leaves and allspice give gentle aromatic depth, while chilling softens the onion and lets the fish absorb the seasoning. Served cold with dill, it is tangy, lightly sweet and savoury, with enough freshness from the apple to keep the richness of the herring in check.
Cuisine style Polish Christmas Eve cooking
Cooking style No-cook preparation • Make-ahead friendly • Minimal cleanup
Time commitment Make-ahead friendly

Why this recipe works

  • Balanced sweet-sour dressing: Vinegar, sugar and oil soften the saltiness of the herring while keeping the flavour bright and clean.
  • Crisp, fresh contrast: Firm apple brings crunch and gentle sweetness against the rich, savoury fish.
  • Improves as it chills: Resting in the fridge allows the onion to mellow and the herring to absorb the aromatic dressing.

Get the most out of this recipe

Timing notes

  • Allow time to chill: At least 2 hours in the fridge helps the dressing season the fish and soften the onion.
  • Serve cold: Keep the herring chilled until serving, especially as it is a ready-to-eat fish dish.

Ingredient notes

  • Choose ready-to-eat herring: Use salted herring fillets labelled ready to eat, and rinse or briefly soak them if they taste especially salty.
  • Use a firm apple: A crisp tart-sweet apple holds its shape after chilling and keeps the dish fresh rather than soft.
  • Slice onion finely: Very thin onion slices mellow more quickly in the dressing and blend better with the fish.

Authenticity notes

  • Part of the Wigilia table: Cold herring dishes are commonly served among the small starters and fish-based dishes at Polish Christmas Eve meals.
  • Variations are common: Apple, onion, oil, vinegar and herbs can vary by household, but the sweet-sour balance and chilled serving style are central to the dish.

Make-ahead tips

  • Prepare in advance: The herring can be assembled earlier in the day and kept covered in the fridge until needed.
  • Keep submerged: Store the fish covered and pressed into the dressing so it stays seasoned and moist.
  • Good the next day: The flavour becomes rounder after an overnight rest, though the apple will soften slightly over time.

Equipment you'll need

Ingredients
Instructions
Print
  1. If the herring is very salty, rinse it briefly under cold water, then soak in cold water for 20 minutes. Drain well in a sieve and pat dry, then cut into bite-size pieces.
  2. Halve and thinly slice the onion. Core the apple and thinly slice it into small pieces.
  3. In a bowl, whisk together the white wine vinegar and caster sugar until the sugar dissolves. Whisk in the sunflower oil, then stir in the black pepper.
  4. Layer the herring, onion and apple in a non-reactive dish or jar, tucking in the bay leaves and allspice berries as you go. Pour over the dressing, then press down gently so everything is coated.
  5. Cover and chill for at least 2 hours, turning the mixture once halfway through if you can. Just before serving, finely chop the dill and scatter over the top.

Made this recipe? Rate it — a comment is optional.

Recipe notes

Tips

  • Slice the onion as thinly as possible so it softens quickly in the dressing.
  • For the cleanest flavour, use a firm apple so it stays crisp after chilling.
  • Food safety: if serving to pregnant people, young children, older adults, or anyone immunocompromised, use herring from a reputable source that is labelled ready to eat and keep it properly chilled.

Substitutions

  • Replace White wine vinegar with Apple cider vinegar for a rounder, fruitier acidity.
  • Replace Sunflower oil with Rapeseed oil for a slightly richer flavour.
  • Replace Fresh dill with Fresh parsley for a milder herbal finish.

Storage

  • Refrigerate up to 3 days
  • Store covered in the fridge and keep the herring submerged in the dressing. Serve cold; if it has been chilled for a long time, stir gently before serving to redistribute the dressing and spices.

Ratings & reviews

Liked this recipe? Share your feedback to support our cooking community.

Tried this recipe?

Choose 1–5 stars. A comment is optional.

If you leave a comment, use 10–500 characters.

Stay inspired

Discover new recipes, seasonal favourites and cooking inspiration every day. Follow JustRecipes on Pinterest and Spillt.

Śledź na Wigilię (Polish Christmas Eve Herring with Apple and Onion)
Image by JustRecipes
Pinterest

Recipe overview

  • Servings: 4 servings
  • Total time: 3h 10min (20min active)
  • Difficulty: Easy
  • Cuisine: Polish
  • Allergens:
    Fish
Beginner friendly

Plan your meals and get a complete grocery list automatically.

Add to meal planner

Equipment you'll need

Advertisement

Recommended tools for this recipe

Best overall

Misen 8-Inch Chef Knife

Sharp modern chef knife
  • AUS-10 steel
  • Balanced design
  • Less traditional feel

Got ingredients left?

Find recipes using ingredients from this recipe or what you already have at home.

Find recipes with these ingredients →

Make this recipe easier next time

Advertisement

These tools help you get better results with less effort.

Best overall

Misen 8-Inch Chef Knife

Sharp modern chef knife
  • AUS-10 steel
  • Balanced design
  • Less traditional feel
Best value

Titanium & PP Double-Sided Cutting Board

Easy-clean double-sided board
  • Separate surfaces for meat and produce
  • Resists odors and stains
  • Harder on knife edges than wood or plastic
Top quality

OXO Good Grips Stainless Mixing Bowl Set

Insulated grip bowls
  • Non-slip base
  • Comfort grip
  • Higher price
Best overall

OXO Good Grips 2-Piece Cutting Board Set

Practical everyday board set
  • Two useful sizes with reversible cutting surfaces
  • Dishwasher safe and easy to clean
  • Plastic surfaces will show knife marks over time

Browse alphabetically

Looking for a specific recipe? Choose a letter below to jump directly to recipes starting with that letter or number.

Enjoy cooking with JustRecipes?

Add JustRecipes as one of your preferred Google sources to discover our recipes more easily across Google Search.

Add JustRecipes to Google

Every recipe on JustRecipes follows the same structured editorial process. Learn how recipes are created, validated, translated, illustrated, and continuously improved across the platform. How we create recipes.