Samke Harra (Lebanese Spiced Baked Fish)

Samke harra is a Lebanese fish dish recognised for its vivid chilli heat, lemony sharpness and textured nut sauce. Rather than relying on a heavy marinade, mild white fish is kept simple and roasted until just flaky, then finished with a warm mixture of walnuts, garlic, coriander, chilli and lemon. The result is light but full-flavoured: tender fish under a coarse, aromatic sauce with nuttiness, acidity and fresh herbs in every bite. It suits a straightforward dinner but has enough character for a larger Middle Eastern-style spread with salads, flatbreads or rice.
Cuisine style Lebanese seafood
Flavor profile Spicy • Tangy • Nutty
Techniques Roasting • Pulsing a coarse sauce • Gentle warming
Key equipment Oven • Food processor • Saucepan
Spice level Medium
Time commitment Under 1 hour

Why this recipe works

  • Bold, fresh sauce: Walnuts, chilli, garlic, coriander and lemon create a punchy topping that lifts mild white fish without needing a long marinade.
  • Bright acidity: Lemon juice cuts through the richness of the walnuts and olive oil, keeping the dish lively rather than heavy.
  • Fast weeknight method: The fish roasts quickly while the sauce comes together in a food processor and warms briefly on the hob.

Get the most out of this recipe

Adjust the heat

  • For a milder sauce: Remove the chilli seeds or use a gentler red chilli so the walnut and lemon flavours stay prominent.
  • For more heat: Use a hotter chilli or add extra chilli gradually, tasting the sauce before spooning it over the fish.
  • Keep the heat balanced: If the sauce tastes too sharp or fiery, a little more olive oil or walnuts can soften the edges.

Timing notes

  • Serve soon after roasting: The fish is best while warm and just cooked, before the fillets have time to firm up or dry out.
  • Use the roasting time well: Chop the herbs, juice the lemon and pulse the sauce while the fish is in the oven to keep the recipe efficient.

Ingredient notes

  • Choose a firm white fish: Cod or another firm, mild white fish works well because it flakes cleanly and can carry the spicy nut sauce.
  • Keep the sauce coarse: Pulse the walnuts rather than blending them smooth; a little texture gives the topping its character.
  • Adjust the lemon at the end: Add the final lemon juice to taste just before serving so the sauce stays bright and balanced.

Authenticity notes

  • Variations are common: Samke harra is often built around fish with a hot, garlicky, herby sauce; versions vary by household, with nut-based and tahini-style sauces both widely seen.
  • Home-style serving: The fish is typically served warm with the sauce spooned over the top, allowing the roasted fillet to stay intact.

Equipment you'll need

Ingredients
Instructions
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  1. Heat the oven to 220°C (430°F). Brush a baking tray with 1 tbsp of the olive oil.
  2. Pat the fish dry and place on the tray. Season with the fine sea salt, black pepper, ground cumin and smoked paprika, then drizzle over 1 tbsp olive oil.
  3. Roast for 10 to 14 minutes, depending on thickness, until the fish is just opaque and flakes easily. Keep warm while you make the sauce.
  4. Meanwhile, finely chop the coriander and set aside a small handful for serving. Halve the lemon and squeeze the juice.
  5. In a food processor, pulse the walnuts with the garlic and red chilli to a coarse paste. Add most of the coriander and 3 tbsp lemon juice, then pulse briefly to combine; it should be spoonable, not smooth.
  6. Warm the remaining 2 tbsp olive oil in a saucepan over a low to medium heat. Add the walnut mixture and cook for 2 to 3 minutes, stirring, until fragrant and warmed through; do not let it catch.
  7. Spoon the warm sauce over the roasted fish. Finish with the reserved coriander, and add a little more lemon juice to taste before serving.

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Recipe notes

Tips

  • For the best texture, take the fish out as soon as it turns opaque and flakes; it will carry on cooking slightly on the tray.
  • If you are serving anyone who is pregnant, elderly, or immunocompromised, make sure the fish is cooked until piping hot throughout.

Substitutions

  • Replace White fish fillet with Cod fillet for a firmer, flaky result.
  • Replace Walnuts with Hazelnuts for a slightly sweeter, toastier sauce.
  • Replace Smoked paprika with Ground paprika for a milder, less smoky flavour.

Storage

  • Refrigerate up to 2 days
  • Cool, then refrigerate the fish and sauce in an airtight container. Reheat gently in a 180°C (355°F) oven until piping hot, or warm the sauce separately over a low heat to avoid drying the fish.

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Recipe overview

  • Servings: 4 servings
  • Total time: 40min (20min active)
  • Difficulty: Easy
  • Cuisine: Middle Eastern
  • Allergens:
    Fish Tree nuts Walnuts
Beginner friendly

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