Sarson da Saag with Makki di Roti (Mustard Greens Curry and Maize Flatbread)

Sarson da saag with makki di roti is one of Punjab’s most recognisable cold-weather meals: a thick, rustic curry of mustard greens served with hearty maize flour flatbreads. The saag is slow-simmered until the greens soften into a coarse, spoonable mash, with spinach rounding out the peppery bite of the mustard leaves and ginger, garlic, turmeric, cumin and green chilli giving warmth without overpowering the greens. A final ghee tempering adds richness and gloss. Makki di roti brings a nutty, slightly crumbly texture that is ideal for scooping up the saag, making the dish satisfying, earthy and deeply comforting.
Cuisine style Punjabi home cooking
Flavor profile Earthy • Savoury • Mild heat
Spice level Mild
Techniques Simmering • Mashing • Pan-frying
Cooking style Make-ahead friendly • Meal prep friendly
Time commitment Make-ahead friendly

Why this recipe works

  • Slow-cooked greens: A gentle simmer softens the mustard greens and spinach until they become thick, spoonable and deeply savoury.
  • Rustic, creamy texture: Mashing the greens in the pot gives the saag body while keeping the texture coarse rather than overly smooth.
  • Warm, layered flavour: Ginger, garlic, green chilli, turmeric and cumin build an earthy base, while the final ghee tempering adds richness and aroma.

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Authenticity notes

  • Classic pairing: Sarson da saag is traditionally served with makki di roti, whose nutty maize flavour balances the richness of the greens.
  • Keep it rustic: The saag should be mashed and thick, not blended into a completely smooth purée.
  • Finish with ghee: Stirring hot ghee through at the end gives the dish its rounded, aromatic finish.

Ingredient notes

  • Prepare the mustard greens well: Remove tough stems before cooking, as they can stay fibrous even after a long simmer.
  • Maize flour behaves differently: Makki di roti dough is naturally more fragile than wheat dough, so expect some cracking as you shape it.
  • Ajwain adds depth: Ajwain brings a savoury, thyme-like note to the rotis and works well with the richness of ghee.

Texture tips

  • For thicker saag: Simmer uncovered for a little longer, stirring often, until the greens hold their shape on a spoon.
  • Shape the rotis gently: If the edges crack, pinch them back together rather than forcing the dough thinner.
  • Keep rotis soft: Stack the cooked rotis and keep them covered while finishing the batch so they stay warm and pliable.

Make-ahead tips

  • Make the saag ahead: The saag can be cooked in advance, cooled quickly and refrigerated for up to 3 days or frozen for up to 2 months.
  • Reheat gently: Warm the saag in a saucepan with a splash of water, stirring until piping hot throughout.
  • Cook rotis fresh if possible: Makki di roti is best served soon after cooking, though leftovers can be revived briefly in a dry frying pan.

Equipment you'll need

Ingredients

Saag

Makki di roti

Instructions
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  1. Rinse the mustard greens and spinach well, then roughly chop them. Finely chop the onion, grate the ginger, and finely chop the garlic and green chilli.
  2. Put the mustard greens, spinach, onion, ginger, garlic and green chilli into a large pot with the water, ground turmeric, ground cumin and fine sea salt. Bring to the boil, then reduce to a gentle simmer, cover and cook for 45 minutes until the greens are very tender and the mixture looks thick and spoonable.
  3. Using a wooden spoon, vigorously mash and stir the saag in the pot until it becomes coarse and creamy; keep it rustic rather than perfectly smooth. Simmer uncovered for 10 minutes, stirring often, until it holds its shape on a spoon.
  4. Meanwhile, make the dough: put the maize flour, ajwain seeds and fine sea salt in a mixing bowl. Pour in the hot water gradually, mixing with a spoon at first, then knead briefly once cool enough to handle until you have a soft dough that holds together.
  5. Divide the dough into 8 pieces and roll each into a ball. Flatten each ball between your palms, then press and shape into a 12 to 14 cm round; if the edges crack, pinch them back together and continue shaping.
  6. Heat a frying pan over medium-high heat. Cook each roti for 1 to 2 minutes per side until set with brown spots, then cook a further 30 to 60 seconds per side, pressing gently with a spatula, until lightly blistered and cooked through.
  7. Brush the hot rotis with the ghee for the rotis as they come off the pan and stack them to keep warm. Keep the pan on the heat for the tempering.
  8. For the tempering, melt the remaining ghee in the hot frying pan over medium heat until shimmering. Carefully pour it over the saag, stir through, then taste and adjust with a pinch more fine sea salt if needed.
  9. Serve the sarson da saag hot with the makki di roti on the side. Spoon a little extra ghee from the surface over each portion if you like it richer.

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Recipe notes

Tips

  • If the saag looks watery after simmering, cook it uncovered for a few extra minutes, stirring often, until it turns thick and glossy.
  • For softer rotis, keep the cooked stack covered with a clean tea towel while you finish the batch.
  • If serving anyone who is pregnant, elderly, or immunocompromised, ensure the greens are cooked until piping hot throughout.

Substitutions

  • Replace Spinach with extra Mustard greens for a more assertive, peppery saag.
  • Replace Ghee with Unsalted butter for a similar richness and aroma.
  • Replace Ajwain seeds with Ground cumin for a different but still warming flavour in the rotis.

Storage

  • Refrigerate up to 3 days
  • Cool the saag quickly, then refrigerate in a sealed container for up to 3 days or freeze for up to 2 months. Reheat the saag gently in a saucepan with a splash of water until piping hot; rotis are best fresh, but can be reheated in a dry frying pan for 30 to 60 seconds per side.

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Sarson da Saag with Makki di Roti (Mustard Greens Curry and Maize Flatbread)
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Recipe overview

  • Servings: 4 servings
  • Total time: 1h 50min (55min active)
  • Difficulty: Advanced
  • Cuisine: Indian
  • Allergens:
    Milk
Freezer friendly Kid friendly

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