Taiyaki (Fish-Shaped Pastry with Red Bean Paste)

Recognisable by its fish-shaped moulding, taiyaki is a popular Japanese sweet snack with a crisp, lightly browned shell and a soft, cake-like centre. The classic filling is anko, a sweet adzuki bean paste cooked until thick and jammy, which gives the pastry its distinctive earthy sweetness. Here, a simple milk-and-egg batter is flavoured with vanilla and cooked around the filling in a taiyaki mould, though a frying pan can be used for a more informal filled pancake version. Best served warm, it suits an afternoon tea break, dessert plate or casual treat, with the contrast between tender batter, crisp edges and smooth red bean filling doing most of the work.
Cuisine style Japanese street snack
Cooking style Make-ahead friendly • Freezer-friendly • Crowd-friendly
Time commitment Under 1 hour

Why this recipe works

  • Crisp outside, soft centre: The mould browns the batter on both sides, giving the pastry defined edges while keeping the middle tender.
  • Sweet but not heavy: The lightly sweet batter lets the red bean filling remain the main flavour without making the pastry overly rich.
  • Classic filled-mould method: Layering batter, filling and more batter helps seal the paste inside and gives taiyaki its recognisable shape.

Get the most out of this recipe

Timing notes

  • Rest the batter briefly: A short rest helps the batter hydrate, so the finished taiyaki cook up tender rather than dense.
  • Let the filling cool slightly: The red bean paste should be thick and just warm before filling, making it easier to portion and less likely to leak.
  • Serve warm: Taiyaki have their best contrast of crisp edges and soft filling soon after cooking.

Ingredient notes

  • Use adzuki beans for the filling: Adzuki beans give the paste its characteristic earthy sweetness and deep red-brown colour.
  • Cook the beans until very tender: The sugar is added after simmering so the beans soften properly before the filling is thickened.
  • Sugar texture can vary: Caster sugar dissolves quickly; granulated sugar also works but may need a little longer over low heat.

Texture tips

  • Control the heat: Medium-low heat gives the batter time to cook through before the outside becomes too dark.
  • Thicken the filling well: Cook the red bean paste until it is jammy and leaves a trail in the pan, so it stays neatly inside the pastry.
  • Avoid overfilling: Leave a small border around the filling so the batter can seal cleanly when the mould is closed.

Make-ahead tips

  • Make the filling in advance: The red bean paste can be prepared ahead and chilled, then brought closer to room temperature before filling.
  • Refresh before serving: Reheat chilled taiyaki in a dry frying pan over low heat or in a 180°C (355°F) oven until piping hot.
  • Freeze cooked taiyaki: Cool completely, freeze in an airtight container, and reheat from frozen in the oven for the best texture.

Equipment you'll need

Ingredients

Red bean filling

Batter and cooking

Instructions
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  1. Put the adzuki beans in a saucepan with the water and bring to the boil. Boil for 5 minutes, then drain and return the beans to the pan with fresh water to cover. Simmer for 35 to 45 minutes until the beans are very tender, topping up with water as needed.
  2. Drain the beans well, return them to the pan, then add the caster sugar for the filling. Cook over a low heat for 5 to 8 minutes, stirring, until thick and jammy and the spoon leaves a trail. Tip into a bowl and cool until just warm so it is easy to portion.
  3. Melt the unsalted butter and set aside to cool slightly. In a mixing bowl, whisk together the plain flour, baking powder and caster sugar for the batter. In a jug, whisk the egg with the whole milk and vanilla extract, then whisk into the dry ingredients until smooth and pourable.
  4. Whisk the melted butter into the batter, then rest the batter for 10 minutes so it cooks up tender. While it rests, warm your taiyaki mould or a heavy frying pan over a medium heat. If using a frying pan, you will make small filled pancakes rather than fish shapes.
  5. Heat the taiyaki mould over a medium-low heat, then add a little batter to fill each fish cavity about one-third full. Spoon a line of the red bean filling down the centre, leaving a small border, then top with more batter to cover. Close the mould and cook for 2 to 3 minutes per side until golden with crisp edges and a tender centre.
  6. Transfer the taiyaki to a plate and repeat with the remaining batter and filling. Serve warm for the best texture. If needed, keep cooked taiyaki warm in a low oven at 120°C (250°F) while you finish the batch.

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Recipe notes

Tips

  • Keep the heat medium-low so the batter cooks through before the outside over-browns; adjust as you go, as moulds vary.
  • For neat edges, do not overfill the mould; a small amount of batter may squeeze out, which you can trim once cooked.
  • If serving to young children, let the filling cool slightly before eating as it can be very hot.

Substitutions

  • Replace vanilla extract with the same amount of vanilla bean paste for a more pronounced vanilla flavour.
  • Replace caster sugar with granulated sugar; it will take a little longer to dissolve in the red bean filling.

Storage

  • Refrigerate up to 2 days
  • Cool completely, then store in an airtight container in the fridge. Reheat in a dry frying pan over a low heat for 2 to 3 minutes per side, or in a 180°C (355°F) oven for 6 to 8 minutes until piping hot; freeze for up to 2 months and reheat from frozen in the oven.

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Recipe overview

  • Servings: 4 servings
  • Yield: taiyaki
  • Total time: 55min (25min active)
  • Difficulty: Medium
  • Cuisine: Japanese
  • Allergens:
    Eggs Gluten Milk Wheat
Freezer friendly Kid friendly

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