Sichuan Boiled Fish (Shui Zhu Yu)

Known in Chinese as shui zhu yu, Sichuan boiled fish is a dramatic, broth-based dish from the Sichuan repertoire, prized for its tender poached fish and málà heat — the tingle of Sichuan peppercorns alongside dried chilli. Despite the name, the fish is not boiled hard; it is gently cooked in a savoury red broth flavoured with doubanjiang, aromatics, soy and vinegar, then served over napa cabbage and bean sprouts. A final pour of hot oil over chilli, peppercorns, garlic and spring onion releases their fragrance at the table, giving the dish its vivid aroma, glossy surface and unmistakable numbing spice.
Cuisine style Sichuan Chinese cooking
Spice level Hot
Cooking style Crowd-friendly
Time commitment Under 1 hour

Why this recipe works

  • Bold málà flavour: Doubanjiang, dried chillies and Sichuan peppercorns create the dish’s signature combination of savoury heat and numbing spice.
  • Hot-oil finish: Pouring hot oil over the aromatics blooms their fragrance at the last moment and gives the finished bowl its dramatic Sichuan-style aroma.
  • Tender fish, crisp vegetables: The fish is gently poached while the cabbage and bean sprouts stay lightly textured underneath, keeping the bowl from feeling heavy.

Get the most out of this recipe

Adjust the heat

  • For a milder bowl: Reduce the dried chillies and use fewer Sichuan peppercorns, while keeping the doubanjiang for savoury depth.
  • For more intensity: Add extra dried chillies to the topping and let the broth simmer long enough for the chilli-bean paste to colour and flavour the stock.
  • Keep the heat balanced: Use rice vinegar and soy sauce to sharpen the broth so the chilli heat tastes vivid rather than flat.

Ingredient notes

  • Choose firm white fish: A firm, skinless white fish holds together best during poaching and stays delicate in the spicy broth.
  • Doubanjiang matters: Chilli bean paste gives the broth its fermented savouriness; a good-quality doubanjiang brings more depth than plain chilli sauce.
  • Use fresh Sichuan peppercorns: Fresh, fragrant peppercorns give a cleaner citrusy numbness; stale ones can taste dusty and muted.

Common mistakes

  • Boiling the fish too hard: Keep the broth barely simmering once the fish is added; vigorous boiling can toughen the pieces and break them apart.
  • Adding the vegetables too early: Cook the cabbage and bean sprouts briefly, then remove them before poaching the fish so they stay fresh rather than collapsing.
  • Underheating the finishing oil: The oil should be hot enough to sizzle over the aromatics; if it is too cool, the chillies, garlic and peppercorns will not fully bloom.

Serving ideas

  • Serve with plain rice: Steamed rice is the simplest match, soaking up the spicy broth and balancing the intensity of the chilli oil.
  • Finish with fresh spring onion: A little extra spring onion just before serving adds freshness against the rich, aromatic oil.

Equipment you'll need

Ingredients
Instructions
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  1. Slice the fish into bite-sized pieces and pat dry. Toss with the cornflour and 0.5 tsp of the fine sea salt until lightly coated. Set aside while you prepare the vegetables and aromatics.
  2. Cut the napa cabbage into chunky pieces and rinse the bean sprouts. Thinly slice the ginger, slice 3 garlic cloves, and finely slice 2 spring onions. Roughly chop the remaining spring onions and garlic, keeping them separate for the hot-oil finish.
  3. Bring the chicken stock to a gentle simmer in a large pot or wok. Add the napa cabbage and cook for 3 to 4 minutes until just starting to soften, then add the bean sprouts for 1 minute. Lift the vegetables out with a slotted spoon and arrange them in the bottom of a deep serving bowl.
  4. Keep the stock at a steady simmer and stir in the doubanjiang, light soy sauce, rice vinegar, sliced ginger, sliced garlic, and the finely sliced spring onions. Simmer for 5 minutes so the broth turns a deep red and smells fragrant. Taste and add the remaining 0.5 tsp fine sea salt if needed.
  5. Lower the heat so the broth is barely simmering, then slide in the fish pieces one by one. Poach for 2 to 4 minutes, turning gently once, until the fish is opaque and just cooked through. Spoon the fish and broth over the vegetables in the bowl.
  6. Scatter the dried red chili, Sichuan peppercorns, and the reserved chopped garlic and spring onions over the top. Heat the vegetable oil in a small saucepan over medium-high heat until shimmering and just starting to smoke. Carefully pour the hot oil over the aromatics to bloom them, then serve straight away.

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Recipe notes

Tips

  • Keep the broth at a bare simmer when the fish goes in; a rolling boil will break it up and make it tough.
  • For a cleaner, brighter numbing heat, lightly toast the Sichuan peppercorns in a dry pan for 1 minute, then crush them before using.
  • If serving anyone who is pregnant, elderly, or immunocompromised, make sure the fish is cooked until fully opaque and flakes easily, and serve immediately.

Substitutions

  • Replace White fish fillet with cod fillet for a firmer texture that holds up well in the broth.
  • Replace Rice vinegar with Chinese black vinegar for a deeper, maltier tang.

Storage

  • Refrigerate up to 2 days
  • Cool quickly, then refrigerate in a sealed container. Reheat gently in a saucepan over a low heat until piping hot; avoid boiling to keep the fish tender.

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Recipe overview

  • Servings: 3 servings
  • Total time: 50min (45min active)
  • Difficulty: Advanced
  • Cuisine: Chinese
  • Allergens:
    Fish Soybeans

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