Zeppole di San Giuseppe (Fried Choux Rings with Pastry Cream)

Golden rings of fried choux pastry filled with vanilla pastry cream, Zeppole di San Giuseppe are an Italian celebratory sweet traditionally associated with St Joseph’s Day. Their character comes from the contrast between a deeply golden, crisp exterior and a tender, airy centre that can hold a generous swirl of custard. Lemon-infused milk gives the cream a clean citrus note, while icing sugar and a cherry finish make each pastry recognisable and elegant. Best served soon after frying, they are a showpiece dessert with a precise, patisserie-style method.
Cuisine style Italian pastry
Cooking style Make-ahead friendly • Crowd-friendly

Why this recipe works

  • Crisp pastry, smooth filling: Fried choux gives the zeppole a light, crisp shell that contrasts well with the chilled vanilla pastry cream.
  • Subtle citrus depth: Infusing the milk with lemon peel gives the custard a gentle aromatic lift without overpowering the vanilla.
  • Classic choux method: Cooking the flour paste before adding the eggs helps create a glossy dough that pipes cleanly and expands well during frying.

Get the most out of this recipe

Timing notes

  • Chill the pastry cream properly: The custard needs to be cold and pipeable before filling, so make it first and allow enough chilling time before frying the choux.
  • Best soon after filling: Filled zeppole are at their best within a few hours, while the pastry still has crisp edges and the cream stays cool.
  • Work in stages: The recipe is easier to manage if the pastry cream chills while the choux dough is made, piped and fried.

Texture tips

  • Keep the oil steady: Fry at 170°C (340°F) so the choux has time to puff and cook through before the outside becomes too dark.
  • Refresh the cream before piping: Whisk the chilled pastry cream briefly before filling to restore a smooth, glossy texture.
  • Cool before filling: Let the fried rings cool before adding the pastry cream; filling them while hot will soften the pastry quickly.

Common mistakes

  • Frying too hot or too cool: Oil that is too hot browns the outside before the centre cooks, while cooler oil can make the pastry greasy.
  • Adding eggs too soon: Let the choux dough cool until warm before beating in the eggs, otherwise the heat can affect the final texture.
  • Stopping before the dough is ready: The finished choux should be thick, glossy and fall from the spoon in a smooth V shape before piping.

Authenticity notes

  • St Joseph’s Day pastry: Zeppole di San Giuseppe are closely associated with the Italian feast of St Joseph, when custard-filled versions are commonly served.
  • Cherry topping: A cherry on top is a recognisable finish; sour amarena cherries are traditional in many versions, while maraschino cherries are an accessible alternative.

Equipment you'll need

Ingredients

Vanilla pastry cream

Choux rings and finishing

Instructions
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  1. Make the pastry cream first. Put the milk in a saucepan with strips of lemon peel (use a vegetable peeler) and bring just to a simmer, then take off the heat and leave to infuse for 10 minutes.
  2. In a bowl, whisk the caster sugar and cornflour together, then whisk in the eggs until smooth. Reheat the milk until steaming, then slowly whisk it into the egg mixture; return everything to the pan and cook over medium heat, whisking constantly, for 2 to 4 minutes until thick and bubbling.
  3. Take off the heat and whisk in the vanilla extract and unsalted butter until glossy. Tip into a bowl, press a sheet of baking paper directly onto the surface to prevent a skin forming, and chill until cold and pipeable, about 40 minutes.
  4. While the cream chills, make the choux. Put the milk, unsalted butter and caster sugar in a saucepan over medium heat until the butter melts and the mixture just comes to a boil.
  5. Tip in the plain flour all at once and beat vigorously with a wooden spoon until a smooth dough forms and pulls away from the sides. Keep cooking the dough for 1 to 2 minutes to dry it slightly; a thin film on the base of the pan is fine.
  6. Scrape the dough into a mixing bowl and leave for 5 minutes so it is warm rather than hot. Beat in the eggs one at a time until you have a thick, glossy paste that drops from the spoon in a smooth V shape.
  7. Spoon the choux into a piping bag fitted with a large star nozzle. Pipe 8 rings onto small squares of baking paper, piping a second ring on top of the first to create a taller shape.
  8. Heat the sunflower oil in a deep pan to 170°C (340°F). Fry the rings in batches, lowering them in on their paper squares; after 30 to 60 seconds, peel away the paper with tongs and continue frying for 5 to 7 minutes, turning, until deep golden and crisp.
  9. Lift out with a slotted spoon and drain well, then leave to cool for 10 minutes so the centres set. If needed, return the oil to temperature between batches.
  10. Whisk the chilled pastry cream briefly until smooth, then pipe a generous swirl into the centre of each zeppola. Dust with icing sugar and finish each one with a maraschino cherry.

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Recipe notes

Tips

  • For neat rings, draw 7 to 8 cm circles on baking paper, flip it over, then pipe on the reverse so the ink does not touch the dough.
  • Keep the oil steady at 170°C (340°F); if it is too hot the zeppole will brown before the inside cooks, and if too cool they will absorb oil.
  • Food safety: the pastry cream contains eggs, so keep it chilled and serve the zeppole the same day, especially for young children, pregnant people, older adults, and anyone immunocompromised.

Substitutions

  • Replace vanilla extract with vanilla bean paste for a more pronounced vanilla flavour.
  • Replace sunflower oil with vegetable oil for frying.

Storage

  • Refrigerate up to 2 days
  • Zeppole are best eaten within a few hours of frying. Store filled zeppole in an airtight container in the fridge and eat within 24 hours; the pastry will soften. Unfilled fried rings can be kept at room temperature for 1 day, then refresh in a 180°C (355°F) oven for 5 to 7 minutes and cool before filling.

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Recipe overview

  • Servings: 4 servings
  • Yield: zeppole
  • Total time: 1h 45min (1h 5min active)
  • Difficulty: Advanced
  • Cuisine: Italian
  • Allergens:
    Eggs Gluten Milk Wheat
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