Ensaimada (Mallorcan Sweet Spiral Pastry)

Mallorcan ensaimada is a sweet spiral pastry made from a supple enriched yeast dough, stretched until almost translucent, spread with softened lard and coiled before baking. That thin layer of fat gives the pastry its recognisable light, delicate flake and gently rich crumb, while lemon zest adds a quiet citrus note beneath the sweetness. Traditionally finished with a generous veil of icing sugar, it is simple rather than heavily filled or frosted, making it well suited to breakfast, coffee, dessert or a celebratory pastry table.
Cuisine style Mallorcan pastry
Cooking style Make-ahead friendly
Time commitment Under 3 hours

Why this recipe works

  • Classic shaping method: Stretching the dough very thin before rolling and coiling gives ensaimada its recognisable spiral and delicate internal layers.
  • Lightly sweet finish: The dough itself is gently sweet, while the icing sugar adds a simple final sweetness without making the pastry heavy.
  • Subtle flavour depth: Lard brings richness and helps define the layers, while lemon zest lifts the dough with a clean citrus note.

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Timing notes

  • Rest before stretching: The short rest after dividing the dough helps the gluten relax, making it easier to stretch thinly without tearing.
  • Best after cooling: Let the pastries cool completely before dusting with icing sugar so the surface stays dry and the sugar remains powdery.
  • Most time is inactive: Although the total time is long, much of it is rising and resting time rather than hands-on work.

Ingredient notes

  • Use soft lard: The lard should be soft enough to spread thinly but not melted, so it coats the dough rather than soaking into it.
  • Keep the milk lukewarm: Milk that is just lukewarm helps activate the yeast without overheating it, supporting a steady rise.
  • Fresh citrus matters: Fresh lemon zest gives a cleaner aroma than bottled flavourings and keeps the pastry’s sweetness from tasting flat.

Texture tips

  • Stretch gradually: Work the dough gently and evenly until it is almost translucent; if it resists, pause briefly before continuing.
  • Bake only until lightly golden: Ensaimada should be pale golden rather than deeply browned, which keeps the crumb tender and the layers delicate.

Make-ahead tips

  • Freeze after baking: Freeze the cooled pastries well wrapped, then defrost at room temperature before refreshing.
  • Refresh before serving: Warm defrosted ensaimada in a 160°C (320°F) oven for 5 to 7 minutes, then add the icing sugar after heating.
  • Best texture on day one: The pastry is most delicate the day it is baked, though it can be stored airtight at room temperature for a short time.

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Ingredients
Instructions
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  1. Warm the whole milk until just lukewarm. Whisk in the instant yeast and a spoonful of the caster sugar, then leave for 5 minutes until lightly foamy.
  2. In a stand mixer bowl, whisk the egg with the remaining caster sugar and the lemon zest. Add the yeast mixture, then add the plain flour and fine sea salt.
  3. Knead with the dough hook on medium speed for 10 to 12 minutes until very smooth, elastic, and slightly tacky. If it looks dry, keep kneading rather than adding extra flour; the dough should become supple.
  4. Shape the dough into a ball and place in a lightly greased bowl using a little of the lard. Cover and leave to rise in a warm place for 60 minutes, or until doubled in size.
  5. Punch down the dough and divide it into 2 equal pieces. Cover and rest for 10 minutes so it relaxes and is easier to stretch.
  6. On a clean work surface, roll one piece into a rectangle, then stretch it gently with your hands until very thin and almost translucent. Brush a thin, even layer of lard over the surface, using about half the lard.
  7. Starting from a long edge, roll the dough up into a tight rope. Coil it into a spiral on a baking tray, leaving a little space between the rings for expansion.
  8. Repeat the stretching, brushing with the remaining lard, rolling, and coiling with the second piece of dough. Cover both spirals and leave to rise for 45 minutes, or until puffy and slightly jiggly.
  9. Heat the oven to 190°C (375°F). Bake for 15 to 18 minutes until lightly golden and cooked through, rotating the tray halfway if needed for even colour.
  10. Cool on the tray for 10 minutes, then transfer to a rack to cool completely. Dust generously with the icing sugar just before serving.

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Recipe notes

Tips

  • For the best spiral, stretch the dough gradually and evenly; if it starts to spring back, pause for 2 minutes, then continue.
  • Keep the lard soft but not melted so it spreads in a thin layer without soaking the dough.
  • If serving to pregnant people, young children, older adults, or anyone immunocompromised, use an egg that is pasteurised where available.

Substitutions

  • Replace Lemon with Lime for a slightly sharper citrus note.
  • Replace Whole milk with Lactose-free milk for a similar richness with less lactose.
  • Replace Caster sugar with Granulated sugar, pulsed briefly in a blender to make it finer.

Storage

  • Refrigerate up to 2 days
  • Store in an airtight container at room temperature for up to 2 days for the best texture. Freeze, well wrapped, for up to 1 month; defrost at room temperature and refresh in a 160°C (320°F) oven for 5 to 7 minutes, then dust with icing sugar again.

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Ensaimada (Mallorcan Sweet Spiral Pastry)
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Recipe overview

  • Servings: 8 servings
  • Yield: ensaimada spiral pastry
  • Total time: 3h 30min (45min active)
  • Difficulty: Advanced
  • Cuisine: Spanish
  • Allergens:
    Eggs Gluten Milk Wheat
Freezer friendly Kid friendly

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