Pimientos del Piquillo Rellenos de Bacalao (Piquillo Peppers Stuffed with Salt Cod)

Sweet, flame-red piquillo peppers make a natural casing for bacalao, one of Spain’s most familiar preserved fish ingredients. In this dish, the salt cod is softened by soaking, gently poached in milk, then folded into a light béchamel with onion, garlic, parsley and a little nutmeg to create a creamy, savoury filling. The stuffed peppers are warmed through in a simple fresh tomato sauce, which cuts through the richness without overwhelming their delicate texture. Serve as a generous starter, part of a tapas-style spread, or with bread to catch the sauce.
Cuisine style Spanish tapas
Flavor profile Creamy • Savoury • Umami
Techniques Desalting • Poaching • Roux-based filling • Gentle simmering
Key equipment Saucepan • Large frying pan • Whisk
Time commitment Under 2 hours
Cooking style Make-ahead friendly

Why this recipe works

  • Classic salt cod preparation: Soaking and gently poaching the bacalao softens its texture while keeping its savoury depth.
  • Creamy, stable filling: A light roux-based béchamel binds the flaked cod so the peppers can be filled neatly and warmed without falling apart.
  • Balanced flavour: Sweet roasted peppers, mellow onion, parsley and fresh tomato sauce balance the richness of the cod filling.

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Authenticity notes

  • About piquillo peppers: True piquillo peppers are small, sweet roasted peppers from Spain; piquillo-style roasted red peppers are a practical substitute when they are not available.
  • Bacalao filling: Salt cod combined with a creamy béchamel-style base is a familiar Spanish approach for stuffed peppers, croquetas and similar tapas.
  • How to serve: Serve the peppers warm with plenty of tomato sauce, either as a tapa, starter or light main with bread.

Timing notes

  • Plan for soaking: The salt cod needs 8 to 12 hours of soaking before cooking, so start it the night before or early in the day.
  • Where the work is: Most of the active time goes into making the cod filling and tomato sauce; the final warming step is brief and gentle.
  • Best served hot: Once filled and warmed through, the peppers are at their best served straight away while the filling is creamy and the sauce is loose.

Make-ahead tips

  • Prepare the cod ahead: The cod can be soaked, poached, flaked and checked for bones before you make the filling.
  • Fill before serving: For the neatest result, make the filling in advance if needed, then stuff the peppers shortly before warming them in the sauce.
  • Reheat gently: Warm leftovers covered over low heat with a splash of liquid; avoid a hard boil, which can split the peppers and toughen the filling.

Common mistakes

  • Not tasting the cod: Taste a small flake after soaking. It should be pleasantly seasoned, not harshly salty, before it goes into the filling.
  • Loose filling: The béchamel should be thick, glossy and spoonable before the cod is folded in, otherwise the filling may leak from the peppers.
  • Using too much heat: Keep both the milk poaching step and the final warming gentle to protect the cod’s texture and prevent the sauce from splitting.

Equipment you'll need

Ingredients
Instructions
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  1. Rinse the salted cod under cold running water, then soak it in a bowl of cold water for 8 to 12 hours in the fridge, changing the water 2 to 3 times. Drain well in a colander. Taste a small flake; it should be pleasantly seasoned, not aggressively salty.
  2. Put the cod in a saucepan and cover with the whole milk. Bring just to a gentle simmer over low heat, then cook for 8 to 10 minutes until the fish flakes easily. Lift the cod out and reserve the milk in the pan.
  3. When cool enough to handle, flake the cod and carefully pick out any bones or bits of skin. Finely chop the onion and garlic, and finely chop the parsley. Keep the cod flakes fairly small so the filling pipes neatly into the peppers.
  4. Melt the unsalted butter in a large frying pan over medium heat. Add the onion and cook for 8 to 10 minutes until soft and sweet, then stir in the garlic for 1 minute. Sprinkle over the plain flour and cook, stirring, for 2 minutes to make a roux.
  5. Gradually whisk in 350 ml of the reserved warm milk until smooth, then cook for 3 to 5 minutes until thick and glossy. Stir in the ground nutmeg, then fold in the cod and parsley. Cook for 2 minutes, then take off the heat and leave to cool until just warm and spoonable.
  6. Finely grate the tomatoes, discarding the skins, to make a loose pulp. Warm the extra virgin olive oil in a clean frying pan over medium heat, add the tomato pulp, and simmer for 12 to 15 minutes until slightly reduced and no longer watery. If it thickens too much, loosen with a splash of the remaining reserved milk.
  7. Drain the canned roasted red peppers and gently open them out on a plate. Spoon the cod filling into each pepper, taking care not to tear them, then close them back up. Nestle the stuffed peppers into the tomato sauce in a single layer.
  8. Cover and warm the peppers over low heat for 10 to 12 minutes, spooning a little sauce over the top halfway through, until everything is piping hot. Serve hot on plates with plenty of the tomato sauce. If you have any extra filling, stir it into the sauce and warm through before serving.

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Recipe notes

Tips

  • For the best texture, keep the milk at a gentle simmer when poaching the cod; a hard boil can make it tough and cause the milk to split.
  • If serving vulnerable groups, ensure the cod is heated until piping hot all the way through before serving.

Substitutions

  • Replace Fresh parsley with Fresh dill for a different, more aromatic herb note.
  • Replace Yellow onion with Shallot for a sweeter, more delicate filling.

Storage

  • Refrigerate up to 2 days
  • Cool, cover and refrigerate within 2 hours. Reheat gently in a covered frying pan over low heat with a splash of water until piping hot; avoid boiling hard or the peppers may split.

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Pimientos del Piquillo Rellenos de Bacalao (Piquillo Peppers Stuffed with Salt Cod)
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Recipe overview

  • Servings: 4 plates
  • Total time: 1h 35min (40min active)
  • Difficulty: Advanced
  • Cuisine: Spanish
  • Allergens:
    Fish Gluten Milk Wheat

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