Stollen (German Christmas Fruit Bread with Raisins and Almonds)

With its folded oval shape and snowy icing-sugar coating, stollen is one of Germany’s most recognisable Christmas breads. It sits somewhere between a fruit loaf and a festive pastry: an enriched yeast dough flavoured with citrus zest and gentle cardamom, then packed with raisins, candied orange peel and almonds. Brushing the hot loaf with melted butter helps create its tender, rich finish and allows the sugar to cling in a thick white layer. Best sliced once fully cool — and even better after a short rest — it makes a practical make-ahead bake for Christmas breakfasts, afternoon coffee or a simple dessert plate.
Cuisine style German Christmas baking
Cooking style Make-ahead friendly • Crowd-friendly
Time commitment Make-ahead friendly

Why this recipe works

  • Fragrant fruit and spice: Raisins, candied orange peel, almonds, citrus zest and cardamom give the enriched dough depth without making it heavy.
  • Classic finish: Brushing the hot loaf with melted butter helps the icing sugar cling and creates the thick white coating associated with stollen.
  • Better after resting: A wrapped overnight rest improves slicing and allows the buttery, fruity flavours to settle through the loaf.

Get the most out of this recipe

Timing notes

  • Watch the dough, not just the clock: The dough should double on the first rise and become slightly puffy after shaping; enriched dough can take longer in a cool kitchen.
  • Best after 24 hours: Once cooled, wrap the stollen and rest it for a day before slicing for a neater crumb and fuller flavour.
  • Slice once fully cool: Cutting while warm can compress the crumb and smear the buttery sugar coating.

Authenticity notes

  • A festive German loaf: Stollen is strongly associated with Christmas baking in Germany, where rich dried fruit breads are commonly made ahead and served in slices.
  • Off-centre fold: The slightly offset fold gives stollen its recognisable shape and helps distinguish it from a standard fruit loaf.
  • How to serve it: Serve thin slices with coffee, tea or a warm spiced drink, either plain or lightly buttered.

Ingredient notes

  • Use bread flour for structure: Bread flour helps support the butter, egg, fruit and nuts, giving the loaf enough strength to rise without becoming dense.
  • Add butter gradually: Working the softened butter into the dough a little at a time helps it incorporate cleanly and keeps the dough elastic.
  • Cardamom or cinnamon: Cardamom gives a fragrant, citrus-friendly warmth; cinnamon makes the loaf more traditional and familiar in flavour.

Common mistakes

  • Adding the fruit too aggressively: Knead in the fruit and nuts gently so the dough stays intact and the inclusions remain evenly distributed.
  • Fruit browning too quickly: If exposed fruit darkens before the loaf is baked through, cover the stollen loosely with foil for the final stage of baking.
  • Skipping the rest: Serving immediately is possible, but the loaf slices better and tastes more rounded after being wrapped and rested.

Equipment you'll need

Ingredients

Dough and fruit

Finish

Instructions
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  1. Warm the milk until just lukewarm, then whisk in the yeast and a spoonful of the caster sugar. Leave for 5 to 10 minutes until lightly foamy.
  2. In a large bowl, mix the flour, salt, cardamom and dried orange zest. Finely zest the lemon into the bowl, then add the remaining caster sugar.
  3. Add the egg and the yeasted milk to the bowl and mix to a shaggy dough. Knead for 6 to 8 minutes until smoother, then work in the softened unsalted butter a little at a time until fully incorporated and the dough is elastic.
  4. Cover and leave the dough to rise in a warm place until doubled in size. It should feel airy and spring back slowly when pressed.
  5. Tip the dough out and gently press it into a rough rectangle. Knead in the raisins, candied orange peel and almonds until evenly distributed, keeping the dough as intact as possible.
  6. Shape into a thick oval, then fold one long side over so it sits just off-centre, creating the classic stollen profile. Transfer to a baking tray and cover; prove until slightly puffy and the dough slowly springs back when pressed.
  7. Heat the oven to 180°C (355°F). Bake for 35 to 45 minutes until deep golden and the loaf sounds hollow when tapped underneath.
  8. Melt the butter, then brush it generously over the hot stollen. Dust heavily with icing sugar, cool on a rack, then dust again once fully cool for a thick snowy coating.

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Recipe notes

Tips

  • If the fruit starts to brown too quickly in the oven, loosely cover the loaf with aluminium foil for the final 10 to 15 minutes.
  • For the best flavour and sliceability, leave the cooled stollen wrapped and rest it for 24 hours before serving.
  • If serving to pregnant people, young children, older adults, or anyone immunocompromised, use pasteurised egg.

Substitutions

  • Replace ground cardamom with ground cinnamon for a more traditional, cinnamon-forward spice profile.
  • Replace almonds with hazelnuts for a toastier, more robust nut flavour.
  • Replace candied orange peel with candied lemon peel for a sharper citrus note.

Storage

  • Refrigerate up to 7 days
  • Store wrapped airtight at cool room temperature for up to 5 days, or in the fridge for up to 7 days. Freeze well wrapped for up to 2 months; defrost at room temperature, then refresh in a 160°C (320°F) oven for 8 to 10 minutes and dust with a little more icing sugar if needed.

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Stollen (German Christmas Fruit Bread with Raisins and Almonds)
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Recipe overview

  • Servings: 10 servings
  • Yield: stollen loaf
  • Total time: 3h 30min (40min active)
  • Difficulty: Advanced
  • Cuisine: German
  • Allergens:
    Almonds Eggs Gluten Milk Wheat
Freezer friendly Kid friendly

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