Gubana (Friulian Walnut and Raisin Pastry Roll)

A festive sweet bread from Friuli, gubana sits somewhere between enriched loaf and pastry: a tender yeast dough wrapped around a dense, fragrant filling of walnuts, raisins, citrus zest, vanilla and grappa. Its coiled shape is part of the character of the bake, giving each slice visible spirals and a rich seam of fruit and nuts through the soft crumb. The flavour is sweet but not one-note, with warmth from the alcohol-soaked raisins, nuttiness from the walnuts and brightness from the citrus. Best cooled fully before cutting, it works well as a celebratory bake, an afternoon slice with coffee, or a make-ahead pastry that keeps neatly once wrapped.
Cuisine style Friulian Italian baking
Cooking style Make-ahead friendly • Crowd-friendly
Time commitment Under 3 hours

Why this recipe works

  • Fragrant layered filling: Walnuts, soaked raisins, citrus zest, vanilla and grappa create a filling that is aromatic, nutty and gently boozy without needing a complicated mixture.
  • Distinctive spiral shape: Rolling the filled dough into a log and coiling it gives gubana its recognisable swirl, with the filling distributed through each slice.
  • Good keeping quality: The enriched dough and moist nut-and-raisin filling help the pastry hold well after baking, making it suitable for slicing over several days.

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Authenticity notes

  • Friulian character: Gubana is associated with Friuli in north-eastern Italy, where sweet yeast doughs are often paired with nuts, dried fruit, citrus and spirits.
  • Rolled and coiled: The filled dough is rolled tightly before being shaped into a spiral, which gives the pastry its classic cross-section when sliced.
  • Grappa in the filling: Grappa adds a recognisable aromatic note and helps plump the raisins; dark rum is a workable substitute, but it gives a rounder, less distinctly Italian flavour.

Timing notes

  • Let the dough guide you: The first rise should be judged by volume and feel: the dough needs to look puffy, roughly doubled, and hold a light indentation when pressed.
  • Slice only when cool: Cooling completely helps the filling settle and keeps the spiral slices neat rather than tearing or collapsing.
  • Most time is inactive: Although the recipe takes several hours overall, much of that time is for rising, proving and soaking rather than hands-on work.

Ingredient notes

  • Chop the walnuts finely: A finer chop makes the filling easier to spread and helps the log roll evenly without bulky pockets.
  • Use fresh lemon zest: Freshly grated lemon zest gives a brighter lift to the rich nut filling, while dried orange zest brings a deeper citrus aroma.
  • Start with good raisins: Raisins should plump well during soaking; if they seem very dry, give them enough time to soften before mixing the filling.

Make-ahead tips

  • Bake ahead for easier slicing: Gubana slices more cleanly once fully cooled, so it suits baking earlier in the day or the day before serving.
  • Freeze in slices: Freeze individual slices in an airtight container, then defrost at room temperature for a practical make-ahead option.
  • Warm gently if preferred: Defrosted slices can be warmed briefly in a 160°C (320°F) oven to refresh the crumb without drying the pastry.

Equipment you'll need

Ingredients

Dough

Filling

Instructions
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  1. Warm the milk in a small saucepan until just lukewarm, then take off the heat and melt in the butter. Stir in 70 g of the caster sugar and leave to cool until comfortably warm to the touch.
  2. In a large bowl, mix the flour with the instant yeast. Add the warm milk mixture and the eggs, then mix to a shaggy dough and knead until smooth and elastic.
  3. Cover the bowl and leave the dough to rise in a warm place until doubled in size. It should look puffy and hold a light indentation when pressed.
  4. Meanwhile, put the raisins in a bowl and pour over the grappa. Leave to soak, stirring once or twice, until the raisins are plump.
  5. Finely chop the walnuts. In a bowl, mix the walnuts with the remaining caster sugar, dried orange zest, finely grated lemon zest and the vanilla extract, then stir in the raisins with any remaining grappa.
  6. Line a baking tray. Tip the risen dough onto a lightly floured surface and roll into a rectangle about 35 x 45 cm, keeping the thickness as even as you can.
  7. Spread the filling evenly over the dough, leaving a 2 cm border along one long edge. Roll up tightly from the opposite long edge to make a neat log, then pinch the seam to seal.
  8. Coil the log into a spiral, tucking the end underneath, and transfer to the tray. Cover and leave to prove until slightly puffy and the coil relaxes a little.
  9. Heat the oven to 180°C (355°F). Bake the gubana until deeply golden and it sounds hollow when tapped, covering loosely if it colours too quickly.
  10. Cool completely on the tray before slicing so the spirals hold their shape. Slice into wedges or thick slices to serve.

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Recipe notes

Tips

  • For a tidy coil, roll the dough firmly and keep the filling away from the sealing edge so it does not leak out during proving.
  • If your kitchen is cool, prove the dough in the switched-off oven with the light on; it should double in size rather than follow the clock.
  • This bake contains eggs; if serving to pregnant people, young children, older adults, or anyone immunocompromised, use eggs that are produced to be eaten lightly cooked and ensure the pastry is baked through.

Substitutions

  • Replace Grappa with dark rum for a warmer, rounder flavour in the filling.
  • Replace Walnuts with Hazelnuts for a more aromatic, toasted-nut profile.
  • Replace Whole milk with low-fat milk for a slightly lighter crumb, noting the dough may feel a touch less rich.

Storage

  • Refrigerate up to 4 days
  • Store well wrapped at room temperature for up to 2 days, or in the fridge for up to 4 days. Freeze slices in an airtight container for up to 2 months; defrost at room temperature and warm in a 160°C (320°F) oven for 8–10 minutes if you like.

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Recipe overview

  • Servings: 10 servings
  • Yield: gubana coil
  • Total time: 3h 40min (45min active)
  • Difficulty: Medium
  • Cuisine: Italian
  • Allergens:
    Eggs Gluten Milk Walnuts Wheat
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